Circulating on the Internemets is some timely Passover pandemic humor. It will just be mysterious unless you’re familiar with the part of the Haggadah (the book read during the seder) that talks about the four children. (Hat tip to my sister-in-law, Maria Benet for passing it along.)

The Torah Speaks of Four Kinds of People Who Use Zoom:

• The Wise
• The Wicked
• The Simple
• The One Who Does Not Know How to “Mute”

The Wise Person says: “I’ll handle the Admin Feature Controls and Chat Rooms, and forward the Cloud Recording Transcript after the call.”

The Wicked Person says: “Since I have unlimited duration, I scheduled the meeting for six hours—as it says in the Haggadah, whoever prolongs the telling of the story, harei zeh ‘shubach, is praiseworthy.”

The Simple Person says: “Hello? Am I on? I can hear you but I can’t see you.”or: “I can see you, but I can’t hear you.”

The One Who Does Not Know How to Mute says: “How should I know where you put the keys? I’m stuck on this stupid Zoom call with these idiots.”

* * * * *

To the Wise Person you should offer all of the Zoom Pro Optional Add-On Plans.

To the Wicked Person you should say: “Had you been in charge, we would still be in Egypt.”

To the Simple Person you should say: “Try the call-in number instead.”

To the One Who Does Not Know How to Mute you should say: “Why should this night be different from all other nights?”

                                                — Rabbi Richard Hirsch, Pesach 2020

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I spend a lot of time listening to podcasts – maybe a little less than back in Normal Times when I was commuting 1.5-2.0 hours a day, but if I’m putterin’, I’m pod-listenin’.

I find it wearying to envelope myself in coronavirus or political podcasts these days. I’m not sure why. Maybe you have some ideas. In any case, I’ve been turning to comedy more and more.

Here’s a list, in alphabetical order. I am not necessarily proud of any of these.

• Alchemy This. Kevin Pollack – yes, that Kevin Pollack – has assembled a troupe of improvisers who do three scenes in each hour. At their best, they find an absurd narrative coherence that is mindblowing and reminiscent of Firesign Theatre’s scripted pieces. At their worst, I can’t make sense of the flow of the scene – too many of their voices sound the same to me – but still find the moments of it funny.
• Behind the Bastards. Each episode tells the story of some despicable person, often someone I have never heard of. It’s not flatout comedy, but the tone is comedic. Often excellent.
• The Dollop. Much like Behind the Bastards, but not focused purely on bastards. One of the two comedians who put it together reads an essay about some odd incident in history while the other reacts while hearing it for the first time. Ranges from hilarious to never quite getting up to comedic speed. And it’s entirely possible that the comic style is not exactly to your taste. It’s not exactly to mine.
• Good One. This is one of my favorites. Each episode interviews a comedian for an hour about one single joke of theirs. The interviewer is a total comedy nerd, and the interviews can be very revealing about the comic process.
• How did this get made? Usually recorded live at a theatre, three funny people riff about some terrible movie. Funny bad taste all around.
• Improv4Humans. Matt Besser’s improv troupe improvs scenes, much like Alchemy This. I personally find it less consistent, but it came be very good. For example, the archival show with Zach Woods, recently re-released, has some very funny stuff on it.
• Mike and Tom Eat Snacks. This ended a couple of years ago, but its hundred episodes of Michael Ian Black and Tom Cavanagh are still available. The two of them, unscripted, review snack foods, a timeless topic. (Spoiler: The snack reviews are just a pretense.)
• Wait Wait Don’t Tell Me. As a tote-bag carrying NPR supporter (and once time serial All Things Considered commentator), this one is obvious. It’s also consistently funny.
• WTF. Marc Maron’s podcast used to focus on comedians but has expanded wildly. Which is good, because he is an excellent interviewer. The recent interview with Dan Ackroyd, for example, is great. It turns out that the real Dan Ackroyd is like a Dan Ackroyd character.

I also listen to many other podcasts that don’t talk about current events but are not comedic. Some are fantastic. But it’s comedy tonight!

What would you add to this list?

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Meredith Sue Willis, the noted novelist and my sister-in-law, has made six of her novels available for free, as e-books, until April 20th.

Sue, as her family members call her, brings characters to life in just a few words. Her novels tend to be centered on places that she brings to life as well – small-town West Virginia, rural Massachusetts, even a cruise ship before that phrase conjured a plague ward.

Give ’em a try. And you well might like her free literary newsletter as well.

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I was going through a shelf of books I haven’t visited in a couple of decades and found a book I used in 1986 when I taught Introduction to Computer Science in my last year as a philosophy professor. (It’s a long story.) Ethical Issues in the Use of Computers was a handy anthology, edited by Deborah G. Johnson and John W. Snapper (Wadsworth, 1985).

So what were the ethical issues posed by digital tech back then?

The first obvious point is that back then ethics were ethics: codes of conduct promulgated by professional societies. So, Part I consists of eight essays on “Codes of Conduct for the Computer Professions.” All but two of the articles present the codes for various computing associations. The two stray sheep are “The Quest for a Code of Professional Ethics: An Intellectual and Moral Confusion” (John Ladd) and “What Should Professional Societies do About Ethics?” (Fay H. Sawyier).

Part 2 covers “Issues of Responsibility”, with most of the articles concerning themselves with liability issues. The last article, by James Moor, ventures wider, asking “Are There Decisions Computers Should Not Make?” About midway through, he writes:

“Therefore, the issue is not whether there are some limitations to computer decision-making but how well computer decision making compares with human decision making.” (p. 123)

While saluting artificial intelligence researchers for their enthusiasm, Moor says “…at this time the results of their labors do not establish that computers will one day match or exceed human levels of ability for most kinds of intellectual activities.” Was Moor right? It depends. First define basically everything.

Moor concedes that Hubert Dreyfus’ argument (What Computers Still Can’t Do) that understanding requires a contextual whole has some power, but points to effective expert systems. Overall, he leaves open the question whether computers will ever match or exceed human cognitive abilities.

After talking about how to judge computer decisions, and forcefully raising Joseph Weizenbaum’s objection that computers are alien to human life and thus should not be allowed to make decisions about that life, Moor lays out some guidelines, concluding that we need to be pragmatic about when and how we will let computers make decisions:

“First, what is the nature of the computer’s competency and how has it been demonstrated? Secondly given our basic goals and values why is it better to use a computer decision maker in a particular situation than a human decision maker?”

We are still asking these questions.

Part 3 is on “Privacy and Security.” Four of the seven articles can be considered to be general introductions fo the concept of privacy. Apparently privacy was not as commonly discusssed back then.

Part 4, “Computers and Power,” suddenly becomes more socially aware. It includes an excerpt from Weizenbaum’s Computer Power and Human Reason, as well as articles on “Computers and Social Power” and “Peering into the Poverty Gap.”

Part 5 is about the burning issue of the day: “Software as Property.” One entry is the Third Circuit Court of Appeals finding in Apple vs. Franklin Computer. Franklin’s Ace computer contained operating system code that had been copied from Apple. The Court knew this because in addition to the programs being line-by-line copies, Franklin failed to remove the name of one of the Apple engineers that the engineer had embedded in the program. Franklin acknowledged the copying but argued that operating system code could not be copyrighted.

That seems so long ago, doesn’t it?

Because this post mentions Joseph Weizenbaum, here’s the beginning of a blog post from 2010:

I just came across a 1985 printout of notes I took when I interviewed Prof. Joseph Weizenbaum in his MIT office for an article that I think never got published. (At least Google and I have no memory of it.) I’ve scanned it in; it’s a horrible dot-matrix printout of an unproofed semi-transcript, with some chicken scratches of my own added. I probably tape recorded the thing and then typed it up, for my own use, on my KayPro.

In it, he talks about AI and ethics in terms much more like those we hear today. He was concerned about its use by the military especially for autonomous weapons, and raised issues about the possible misuse of visual recognition systems. Weizenbaum was both of his time and way ahead of it.

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NOTE: I edited the title of this post on March 29, 2020 to reflect the increasing evidence that HCQ is not useful in the prevention or treatment of COVID19. I also removed a few paragraphs from the Wall Street Journal reporting on a French  study, since the body of research since then runs contrary to its hopeful findings. As this post states, the rheumatologist I asked about this was not stating an opinion about whether HCQ works against COVID19, and is worried that the supply needed by their patients and by people with lupus might be diminished by a pointless run on the market. The information in this post about HCQ as a commonly used drug remains.

A highly reputable rheumatologist responded to my request for comment about a column by  Jeff Colyer and Daniel Hinthorn in the WSJ that holds out hope for using hydroxychloroquine to fight the Coronavirus.

The rheumatologist, who is highly respected, asked me not to use their name because they don’t want to be perceived as giving out medical advice — which this is not — and doesn’t have the time to go through their email message carefully enough to present it as a polished response. But they gave me permission to run it anonymously with those caveats. Here it is:

I give hydroxychloroquine to almost everybody who has rheumatoid arthritis and some of my patients have been on it for 20 years or more.  Of course, if patients have side effects from it I stop it and if they have improved to the point of appearing to be in full remission, I taper it down and may stop it.  There are people for whom it is not helpful by itself and is often used by me and others in conjunction with our other medicines for rheumatoid arthritis.  It is used similarly in psoriatic arthritis. I have a number of patients who have no swelling and no symptoms after treatment with hydroxychloroquine as the only “disease modifying drug.”

It is recommended to be given to virtually every patient with systemic lupus erythematosus as it is been found to improve their course, even when other medications are needed to get better control.  We also use it in other rheumatic diseases, sometimes with less evidence than for RA and SLE.

I have not used chloroquine, which is a closely related compound but one with somewhat more side effects and it is more powerful.

The side effects of hydroxychloroquine in the short term, which is what would be contemplated in treating COVID-19, are minimal to nonexistent, other than nausea and related problems, which I have almost never had patients report.  Ulcers are not caused by this.  There is a fear that people who are deficient in G6PD, an enzyme, will get hemolysis from this medication shortly after starting it;   people deficient in the enzyme G6PD could have a bad reaction to chloroquine but that is not reported now with hydroxychloroquine.  Hemolysis is destruction of red blood cells in the bloodstream and organs which could be a source of illness, however rumors that hydroxychloroquine causes this appear to be unfounded.  Several (5-10 years ago) years ago, I emailed a rheumatologist who is a world’s expert on hydroxychloroquine and asked him this question and he said that he has never seen this happen; most of us do not test for the presence of this enzyme anymore before starting hydroxychloroquine, as we feel it is not an issue.  This may not be true of chloroquine, but I have a feeling it is also not a problem.  Having to test everyone before getting this drug for COVID-19 would be a logistical difficulty given the time constraints and cost of the testing.

The rare side effects of hydroxychloroquine that might occur in the short term in my experience had been so rare as to be negligible. I have had one patient that I recall in recent years who had more vivid dreams while on this and she found that disturbing.

The vision problems that people refer to occur only after long-term use and the dangerous one is exceedingly rare.  The latter is some permanent loss of visual acuity due to retinal damage.  There was a recent study by ophthalmologists that reported that the upper dose level that we used was too high and they found evidence on new and specific testing of retinal damage at doses lower than we recommended, but these only occurred in people taking it for a long period of time, not a few weeks. Most of us in the rheumatology field have never seen damage at the frequency they report and are very disturbed by those findings.  We have been forced to lower our recommended dosages which undoubtedly has worsened some people.  In my recollection, which could be very faulty, I have had two or three people in over forty years who have had permanent visual changes after many years on the medication.  My associates have had similar experiences.

There are two other ocular problems both of which are reversible and rarely occur. One is a change in the eyeglass prescription (or requiring glasses) and the other is sparkling of lights at night. I have rarely seen either one and they are theoretically reversible by stopping the medication.  They also occur only after long term use, not a few weeks.

There is the possibility of skin pigment changing with long-term use but I do not believe I have ever had this happen to a patient.

I am sure when you review the possible side effects you will find many other side effects, however these are not common and are usually typical of any medication given to anybody for any reason.

The question of whether it is useful in COVID-19 is a separate issue about which I claim little or no expertise.  The initial trial was very small in number, but encouraging.  A real trial will be helpful but by the time it is completed, analyzed and available, we may be well past the pandemic phase, but still useful for the future.

An important study that I have thought of probably will not be done for logistical reasons.  That would be to study our patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus who are on hydroxychloroquine to see their incidence of COVID-19 compared to a similar group of patients who are not on hydroxychloroquine.  The logistics are timing, finding a large enough sample size of patients on the drug and off the drug who are comparable, being sure the doses used are appropriate and knowing the exposures of the patient populations.

There is some concern that overuse of hydroxychloroquine by people who do not need it will deplete the supply of this important drug for our patients who are already on it and depending on it.  In fact, today I had a call from a patient who has been taking it for years and could not get it as her pharmacy was out of it.

Another medicine that rheumatologists use to treat rheumatoid arthritis and other conditions has been found in a small study to be successful in treating COVID-19.  That medicine is tocilizumab with the brand name of Actemra.  It interferes with IL-6.

The study the rheumatologist is proposing sounds ultra-interesting and possibly consequential.

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Given this:

Do I at long last get to post this?

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Someone on Twitter asked for movie titles with one letter removed that changes the movie altogether. Fun! And I’d link to the tweet but I’ve only been on Twitter since near its beginning so of course I don’t know how to go back from liked comments to the original. (If you know who came up with this movie challenge, please put in a comment to this post. Thanks.)

Anyway, here are mine:

• Gentlemen Refer Blondes
• Oceans Elven
• Inglorious Basters
• Lose Encounters of the Third Kind
• West Side Tory
• The Ride of Frankenstein
• The Plane of the Apes
• One with the Wind
• Ear Window
• The Evil Dad. Sequel: The Walking Dad.
• And, for the age of social distancing: The Apartmen

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Because I have never even once been wrong about politics, I know you and the Biden campaign you’ve been waiting for my guidance about how the former VP can beat Trump. So here is the exact and precise plan from which I will permit not a single deviation.

Biden needs to hang on to his current base, expand it to include as much of Bernie’s as possible, and energize especially the young to campaign and vote.

Simple!

1. Position Biden’s presidency as a four year return to normalcy that will position us for truly progressive change. Slogan: Make America America Again.
2. Announce he will be a one-term president.
3. Pick a truly exciting progressive VP, preferably a black woman. Stacy Abrams?
4. Say that she will work even more closely with Biden than Biden with Obama. She will be fully prepared to become president.
5. (Three years in, Biden should resign. Shhhh.)

I will leave for another post exactly the progressive positions he should aggressively adopt, how he should position them, and the colors of the binders he should use when presenting them.

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Blogrolls were early social networks.

Y’see, back in the old days of the Blogosphere, there wasn’t any Facebook or Twitter. Your blog was your presence on the Web. And because people are relational, not independent autonomous agents, many bloggers posted a list of the other blogs they read and sometimes responded to. It was a way of building a networked community.

Blogrolls were good, generous things. I’ve been intending for a long time to post one on this blog again. As a first step, I went to the WayBack Machine, AKA the blessed Internet Archive, and looked up 2004 editions of this blog. I randomly chose the April 1 edition and copied its blogroll. (WARNING: Put on protective eyewear before viewing that old edition.)

Here is the blogroll, unaltered. Many of the links work because the Internet Archive, blessed be its name, automatically inserts links back into the Archive. I suspect that precious few of these blogs are still around. But they were magnificent in their day.

Akma
Jennifer Balderama
Hank Blakely
Blog Sisters
Tim Bray
Dan Bricklin
BurningBird
Marc Canter
Cory Doctorow
Dean Campaign
Betsy Devine
Paul English
Ernie the Attorney
Glenn Fleishman
Dan Gillmor
Gonzo Engaged
Mike Golby
Seth Gordon
Steve Himmer
Denise Howell
David Isenberg
Joi Ito
Jeff Jarvis
Steve Johnson
Kalilily
Pete Kaminski
Jason Kottke
Eliz. Lawley
Adina Levin
Lawrence Lessig
Living Code
Chris Locke
Chris Lydon
Joe Mahoney
Marek
Kevin Marks
Tom Matrullo
Ross Mayfield
Scott McCloud
Megnut
Peter Merholz
Misbehaving
Eric Norlin
The Obvious
O’Connor Clarke
Frank Paynter
Jonathan Peterson
Chris Pirillo
Reed/Frankston
Howard Rheingold
Dave Rogers
Jay Rosen
Scott Rosenberg
Steve Saltire
Doc Searls
Jeneane Sessum
Clay Shirky
Social Software
Halley Suitt
Gary Turner
Mary Lu W.
Dave Winer
Amy Wohl
Gary Wolf
Steve Yost

Free Newsletters I read
David Isenberg
Lockergnome
RageBoy’s EGR
Slate’s Today’s Papers
Steve Talbott
Ted Stout’s RF
Dylan Tweney
Amy Wohl
World Wide Words
JOHO (mine) )